UN experts warn: AI development cannot be left to market whim

The AI Development should not rely solely on market forces, UN experts cautioned, calling for tools to enable global cooperation. Nevertheless, they stopped short of recommending a strong international governing body to oversee AI’s rapid expansion. This growth has sparked concerns about bias, misuse, and over-reliance.

This expert panel, consisting of around 40 specialists in technology, law, and data protection, was convened by UN Secretary-General António Guterres in October. Their report, published ahead of the UN’s “Summit of the Future,” highlights the need for better global governance of AI and emphasizes the exclusion of developing nations from these crucial discussions.

The report warns, “There is, today, a global governance deficit with respect to AI,” stressing that the technology’s cross-border nature demands equitable and safe solutions. Guterres added that “AI must serve humanity equitably and safely.” He emphasized that unchecked AI could pose serious threats to democracy, peace, and stability.

Call for Global Cooperation on AI

The report urges UN members to implement mechanisms for international cooperation and prevent the unintended proliferation of AI technologies. “The development, deployment, and use of such a technology cannot be left to the whims of markets alone,” it stated. The experts proposed forming a scientific AI panel similar to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). This group would brief the global community on emerging risks, identify research needs, and explore AI’s potential to address issues like hunger, poverty, and gender inequality.

This recommendation is part of the draft Global Digital Compact, set for adoption at the “Summit of the Future.” However, the report stops short of endorsing a full-scale international AI governance body, like the UN’s nuclear watchdog (IAEA). Instead, it suggests a more flexible coordination framework within the UN secretariat.

Acknowledging AI’s Evolving Risks

Although the report doesn’t advocate for the immediate creation of a robust international institution with enforcement powers, it nevertheless leaves the door open for future consideration. “If the risks of AI become more serious and concentrated, it might become necessary for Member States to consider a stronger international institution,” it noted. Guterres welcomed these insights, calling the recommendations a “blueprint” for shaping an inclusive and agile global AI architecture.

Given AI’s rapid pace of change, the report emphasizes that it would be futile to list every potential danger. Still, it raises concerns about disinformation’s impact on democracy, the growing threat of deepfakes, autonomous weapons, and AI’s use by criminal and terrorist groups. The authors stress the need for continuous scientific assessments and policy dialogue to avoid delayed responses to emerging threats.